Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised in the balance sheet when the company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.
Trade and other debtors and creditors are classified as basic financial instruments and measured at initial recognition at transaction price. A provision is established when there is objective evidence that the company will not be able to collect all amounts due.
Cash and cash equivalents are classified as basic financial instruments and comprise cash in hand and at bank.
Financial liabilities and equity instruments issued by the company are classified in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the company after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments issued by the company are recorded at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs.