68 BRONDESBURY VILLAS LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022
2.Accounting policies (continued)
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Financial instruments (continued)
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Basic financial assets
Basic financial assets, which include debtors, are initially measured at transaction price including transaction costs and are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial assets classified as receivable within one year are not amortised.
Impairment of financial assets
Financial assets, other than those held at fair value through the Statement of Income and Retained Earnings, are assessed for indicators of impairment at each reporting end date.
Financial assets are impaired when there is objective evidence that, as a result of one or more events that occured after the initial recognition of the financial asset, the estimated future cash flows have been affected. If an asset is impaired, the impairment loss is the difference between the carrying amount and the present value of the estimated cash flows discounted at the asset's original effective interest rate. The impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Income and Retained Earnings.
If there is a decrease in the impairment loss arising from an event occuring after the impairment was recognised, the impairment is reversed. The reversal is such that the current carrying amount does not exceed what the carrying amount would have been had the impairment not previously been recognised. The impairment reversal is recognised in the Statement of Income and Retained Earnings.
Basic financial liabilities
Basic financial liabilities, including creditors, are initially recognised at transaction price.
Short-term creditors are measured at cost/transaction price and not amortised.
Debt instruments are subsequently carried at amortised cost, using the effective interest rate method.
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Current and deferred taxation
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The tax expense for the year comprises current and deferred tax.
The current corporation tax charge is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from net profit as reported in the profit and loss account because it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items that are never taxable or deductable. The Company's liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date.
Deferred tax balances are recognised in respect of all timing differences that have originated but not reversed by the balance sheet date, except that:
∙The recognition of deferred tax assets is limited to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits; and
∙Any deferred tax balances are reversed if and when all conditions for retaining associated tax allowances have been met.
Deferred tax is determined using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date.
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